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1.
Gastroenterol. latinoam ; 33(2): 77-81, 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1524334

RESUMO

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a more frequent disorder in the brain-gut axis interaction in the world. COVID-19 has affected the population's mental health, and its impact on clinical severity in patients with IBS is unknown. Objective: To evaluate the effect of psychosocial stress produced by the pandemic on the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms. Methodology: 54 women and three men with IBS were interviewed by telephone. Factors associated with quality of life, comorbidities, IBS subtype, and COVID-19 diagnosis were asked. Calls were developed between June 2020 to January 2021. Results: 75% had Diarrheal IBS (IBS-D), 67% had comorbidities, 47% with busy work, and 70% in person, five patients (9%) were diagnosed with COVID-19. Of the total, 88% referred to change in gastrointestinal symptoms, 56% increased abdominal pain, and 95% bloating. Abdominal pain was negatively associated with quality of life (p < 0.036), and the incomplete evacuation's sensation positively with difficulty sleeping (p < 0.034). Conclusion: In this study, IBS patients interviewed by telephone reported higher abdominal pain and subjective bloating associated with the pandemic by SARS-CoV-2. Keywords: Irritable


El Síndrome de Intestino Irritable (SII) es uno de los trastornos en la interacción cerebrointestino más frecuentes en el mundo. La pandemia COVID-19 ha afectado la salud mental de la población, siendo desconocido su impacto en la severidad clínica en pacientes con SII. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto del estrés psicosocial producido por la pandemia en la severidad de síntomas gastrointestinales de pacientes con SII. Metodología: 54 mujeres y 3 hombres con SII fueron entrevistados vía telefónica. Se preguntó por factores asociados a calidad de vida, comorbilidades, subtipo de SII y diagnóstico de COVID-19. Las llamadas se realizaron entre junio de 2020 hasta enero de 2021. Resultados: Un 75% presentó SII Diarreico (SII-D), el 67% comorbilidades, el 47% con trabajo activo y 70% presencial, 5 pacientes (9%) diagnosticados COVID-19. Del total, 88% refirió cambio en síntomas gastrointestinales, 56% aumentó el dolor abdominal y 95% la distensión abdominal. El dolor abdominal se asoció negativamente con la calidad de vida (p < 0,036), y la sensación de evacuación incompleta positivamente con la dificultad para dormir (p < 0,034). Conclusión: En este estudio, los pacientes con SII entrevistados vía telefónica reportaron mayor dolor y distensión abdominal subjetiva asociado a la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável/complicações , COVID-19/complicações , Qualidade de Vida , Dor Abdominal/epidemiologia , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável/epidemiologia , Pandemias , Síndrome Pós-COVID-19 Aguda
2.
Gastroenterol. latinoam ; 25(4): 257-263, 2014. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-766592

RESUMO

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIP) is the most severe intestinal motility disorder. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is frequently associated to dysmotility. In spite of this association, there is scare data on the relation between CIP and SIBO. To establish occurrence of CIP in SIBO patients in inter-crisis periods. To compare clinical and manometric characteristics of SIBO and non-SIBO patients. Retrospective analysis of 40 CIP patients (average age: 41 years; range: 18-76 years; 75 percent women). The following elements were registered: symptoms (such as pain, distention, vomit, constipation, diarrhea and weight loss); findings of the intestinal manometry (neuropathic, miopatic and mix pattern; intestinal motility index); and SIBO using lactulose H2 breath test, defined as an increase > 20 ppm in 2 or more figures in the first 60 minutes. Statistical analysis: t-test y and comparison of two ratios. SIBO was observed in 60 percent of the patients with CIP. Three or more symptoms were observed in 70.8 percent of the patients with SIBO 50 percentwithout SIBO (p = NS). In patients with SIBO, the most frequent symptom was abdominal pain (70.8 percent p= 0.032). There were no differences between SIBO patients and the different motility patterns, however, the intestinal motility index was lower for the SIBO group (9.7 +/- 44 12.3 +/-7; p < 0.001). : There is a high prevalence of SIBO in CIP patients. This is associated to a major compromise of intestinal motility assessed by the intestinal motility index...


Introducción: La pseudoobstrucción intestinal crónica (POIC) es el trastorno más grave de la motilidad intestinal. El sobrecrecimiento bacteriano intestinal (SBI) se asocia frecuentemente a estados de dismotilidad. A pesar de esta asociación existen escasos datos sobre la relación entre POIC y SBI. Objetivo: Determinar SBI en pacientes con POIC en período inter-crisis. Comparar características clínicas y manométricas de pacientes con y sin SBI. Material y Método: Análisis retrospectivo de 40 pacientes con POIC (edad promedio: 41 años, rango: 18-76 años; 75 por ciento mujeres). Se registraron síntomas (dolor, distensión, vómitos, constipación, diarrea, baja de peso), hallazgos en manometría intestinal (patrón neuropático, miopático o mixto, índice de motilidad intestinal (IMI)) y SBI con test de H2 con lactulosa, definido como la elevación > 20 ppm en 2 o más cifras en los primeros 60 min. Análisis estadístico: t-test y comparación de 2 proporciones. Resultados: Se observó SBI en 60 por ciento de los pacientes con POIC. Tres o más síntomas se presentaron en 70,8 por ciento de los pacientes con SBI vs 50 por ciento en POIC sin SBI (p = NS). El síntoma dolor abdominal fue más frecuente en pacientes con SBI (70,8 por ciento vs 31,2 por ciento, p = 0,032). No hubo diferencias entre pacientes con SBI y los distintos patrones de motilidad, sin embargo, el IMI fue menor para el grupo con SBI (9,7 +/- 1,44 vs 12,3 +/- 1,7, p < 0,001). Conclusiones: Existe una alta prevalencia de SBI en pacientes con POIC. Esto se relaciona con mayor compromiso de la motilidad intestinal evaluado por el IMI.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Bactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Intestino Delgado/microbiologia , Pseudo-Obstrução Intestinal/epidemiologia , Doença Crônica , Motilidade Gastrointestinal , Hidrogênio/análise , Lactulose , Manometria , Testes Respiratórios/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pseudo-Obstrução Intestinal/diagnóstico , Pseudo-Obstrução Intestinal/microbiologia
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 136(8): 976-980, ago. 2008. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-495795

RESUMO

Background: Previous reports describe 30-40 percent of small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP), SIBO is a cause of persistent symptoms in this group of patients even when they are treated with pancreatic enzymes. Aim: To asses the frequency of SIBO in patients with CP. Patients and methods: We studied 14 patients with CP using an hydrogen breath test with lactulose to detect SIBO, a nonabsorbable carbohydrate, whose results are not influenced by the presence of exocrine insufficiency. Main symptoms and signs were bloating in 9 (64 percent), recurrent abdominal pain in 8 (57 percent), intermittent diarrhea in 5 (36 percent) and steatorrhea in 5 (36 percent). At the same time we studied a healthy control group paired by age and sex. Results: SIBO was present in 13 of 14 patients with CP (92 percent) and in 1 of 14 controls (p<0.001). The only patient with CP and without SIBO was recently diagnosed and had minimal morphologic alterations in computed tomography and endoscopic pancreatography Conclusions: SIBO is common in CP and may be responsible for persistent symptoms. Proper diagnosis and treatment could alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life.


Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Bactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Infecções Bacterianas/diagnóstico , Intestino Delgado/microbiologia , Lactulose , Pancreatite Crônica/microbiologia , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Testes Respiratórios , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Chile , Diarreia/microbiologia , Carboidratos da Dieta/metabolismo , Insuficiência Pancreática Exócrina/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Pancreática Exócrina/microbiologia , Hidrogênio/análise , Pancreatite Crônica/diagnóstico , Adulto Jovem
4.
Gastroenterol. latinoam ; 19(2): 81-85, abr.-jun. 2008. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-504145

RESUMO

Functional constipation is a disorders frequently observed in clinical practice. In the management of a group of patients who do not respond to established medical treatment, is important to investigate colonic transit A critical review of the main technical approach for colonic transit estimation is presented. Two main methods are actually availables: isotopic markers, and radiological techniques with radiopaque markers, the last one being the most extensively used. The most basic technique consist in a single administration of markers and a plain abdominal Rx. Information about percentage of markers observed five days after ingestion (normal 20%) and distribution, provide important information: diffuse overall the colon (slow transit constipation) or localized distally (outlet obstruction).Using repeated doses of markers and one or more Rx, colonic transit time segmental or total can be established. This information may be useful in the assessment of certain pathological conditions, pharmacological effects and diets.


La constipación funcional es una manifestación clínica frecuente. En algunos pacientes que no responden a las. medidas terapéuticas habituales, es necesario para su manejo contar con una evaluación del tránsito colónico. Revisamos en forma crítica en esta presentación las principales técnicas utilizadas en la actualidad con este fin. Existen principalmente dos métodos: el uso de marcadores isotópicos y técnicas radio lógicas con marcadores radiopacos, esta última es la más ampliamente utilizada. La técnica con marcadores radiopacos más simple consiste en utilizar una dosis de marcadores y una radiografía, informa sobre el porcentaje de retención de marcadores (normal 20% a los 5 días) y su distribución: difusa (constipación por tránsito lento), localizada distalmente, que sugiere un trastorno del tracto de salida. Usando dosis repetidas de marcadores y una o más radiografías, se puede establecer el tiempo de tránsito para los diferentes segmentos del colon y total, lo que puede ser de utilidad en la evaluación de determinadas condiciones patológicas, fármacos y dietas.


Assuntos
Humanos , Constipação Intestinal , Constipação Intestinal/fisiopatologia , Constipação Intestinal , Trânsito Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Colo , Colo , Doença Crônica , Fatores de Tempo , Meios de Contraste , Motilidade Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Radiografia Abdominal , Radioisótopos
5.
Gastroenterol. latinoam ; 17(1): 66-72, ene.-mar. 2006. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-430770

RESUMO

La asociación de infección por Citomegalovirus (CMV) y colitis ulcerosa (CU) está bien documentada. Sin embargo, en pacientes inmunocompetentes está asociación parece ser infrecuente. Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente con diagnóstico reciente de CU sin tratamiento inmunosupresor previo, quien evolucionó con una crisis de CU refractaria a tratamiento convencional. Las biopsias de duodeno y colon mostraron la presencia de inflamación aguda y crónica, y cuerpos de inclusión intranuclear compatibles por inmunohistología con infección por CMV. Concluimos que el paciente presentaba infección por CMV durante esta primera crisis de CU. Se inició tratamiento con ganciclovir, con lo que evolucionó favorablemente. Parece importante considerar la infección por CMV en pacientes con CU refractaria a tratamiento convencional incluso cuando no han recibido tratamiento inmunosupresor.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Colite Ulcerativa/virologia , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/complicações , Colite Ulcerativa/complicações , Colo/patologia , Duodeno/patologia , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/virologia , Ganciclovir/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/tratamento farmacológico , Terapia de Imunossupressão/efeitos adversos
6.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 134(2): 181-186, feb. 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-425966

RESUMO

Background: Studies in patients with chronic severe constipation, suggest the presence of a diffuse motor disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Aim: To investigate small bowel motor activity in a group of patients with severe constipation. Material and Methods: Forty three patients (age range 13 to 70 years, 40 women) with severe constipation referred to our motility laboratory, where studied. Ten had a previous colectomy. Radiological examinations showed a megacolon in 30 and dilatation of small intestinal loops in nine; the remaining X rays studies were normal. Small intestinal motility was studied using perfused catheters and external transducers. Results: Ten patients had normal motor recordings. Eight patients showed a neuropathic disorder characterized by a continuous irregular pattern of contractions of normal amplitude, with absence of phase III of the migrating motor complex (MMC). Sixteen presented a normal MMC associated to a decreased amplitude of contractions (Miopatic disorder). Nine showed both types of motor disorders (Mixed pattern). Normal radiological findings were more commonly associated to normal manometric recordings. By contrast, an altered motor activity, mainly of myopathic and mixed type motor disorder, was observed in all patients with dilated small intestinal and colonic loops. Conclusions: The presence of small intestinal motor disorders was a frequent finding in this selected group of patients with chronic constipation.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Constipação Intestinal/fisiopatologia , Motilidade Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Enteropatias/fisiopatologia , Intestino Delgado/fisiopatologia , Doença Crônica , Constipação Intestinal , Enteropatias , Intestino Grosso/fisiopatologia , Manometria , Megacolo/fisiopatologia , Megacolo
7.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 133(11): 1311-1316, nov. 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-419934

RESUMO

Background: Twenty percent of patients with chronic hepatitis C evolve to cirrhosis in 10 to 20 years. The degree of steatosis and hepatic iron stores in liver biopsy increase the risk. Age, high body mass index, diabetes mellitus and alcohol consumption are factors associated to the severity of liver damage. Aim: To study the association of steatosis and increased iron stores in the liver biopsy and age, overweight, alcohol consumption and diabetes with the severity of liver damage in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Patients and methods: Retrospective study of 84 liver biopsies of patients with chronic infection with hepatitis C virus were studied. The pathological appearance was classified as stage I when chronic hepatitis with mild activity without fibrosis was observed; as stage II when moderate chronic hepatitis with mild fibrosis was observed and as stage III when there was a moderate chronic hepatitis with fibrosis or cirrhosis. The amount of steatosis and iron deposition in the biopsy were also assessed. Results: Forty one percent of patients were in stage I, 32% in stage II and 27% in stage III. Patients in stage I were younger than those in stages II and III (40.7 and 52.2 years respectively, p <0,001). No association between the severity of liver damage and the degree of steatosis, hemosiderosis, body mass index or alcohol intake, was observed. The frecuency of diabetes mellitus increased along with pathological staging (3, 15 and 30% in stages I, II and III, respectively, p <0,05). Conclusions: This study confirms that severity of chronic hepatitis C is associated with age and the presence of diabetes mellitus.


Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fígado Gorduroso/patologia , Hepatite C Crônica/patologia , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Biópsia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Complicações do Diabetes , Hemossiderose/etiologia , Hemossiderose/patologia , Hepatite C Crônica/classificação , Cirrose Hepática/patologia , Sobrepeso , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
8.
Gastroenterol. latinoam ; 16(3): 218-228, jul.-sept. 2005. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-433863

RESUMO

El tracto gastrointestinal es indudablemente el área más expuesta a microorganismos y antígenos dietarios. El epitelio intestinal es un importante componente de la barrera de la mucosa intestinal, el cual debe discriminar adecuadamente entre bacterias patogénicas y no-patogénicas. La flora bacteriana intestinal tiene un efecto condicionador sobre la homeostasis del intestino, entregando señales que regulan el epitelio, el sistema inmune de la mucosa y la actividad neuromuscular del intestino. Estudios han demostrado que la flora bacteriana comensal y sus componentes, son factores importantes en la patogénesis de varias enfermedades gastrointestinales, tales como la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, síndrome intestino irritable, cáncer de colon, enfermedad hepática crónica. Aunque estudios experimentales han demostrado que prebióticos, probióticos y simbióticos ejercen efectos antibacterianos, modulación inmune y antiinflamatorios, lo cual puede ser beneficioso en algunas enfermedades gastrointestinales, su real papel en el ser humano aún debe ser evaluado. Porque no todos poseen el mismo efecto terapéutico, colonización con específicos probióticos y simbióticos (incluyendo la ingeniería bacteriana para secretar citokinas anti-inflamatorias y restaurar la flora comensal y la tolerancia intestinal) podría ser la próxima estrategia para el tratamiento de las enfermedades gastrointestinales y otras enfermedades inmunológicas.


Assuntos
Humanos , Bactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Bactérias/metabolismo , Intestinos/imunologia , Intestinos/microbiologia , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Bifidobacterium/metabolismo , Colite Ulcerativa/tratamento farmacológico , Ecossistema , Doença de Crohn , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/tratamento farmacológico , Helicobacter pylori , Lactobacillus/metabolismo , Probióticos/efeitos adversos , Trato Gastrointestinal/imunologia , Trato Gastrointestinal/microbiologia
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